Harmonica is a Python library for forward modeling, processing, and inversion of gravity and magnetic data, part of the Fatiando a Terra project. It provides high-performance, Numba-accelerated kernels for computing gravitational and magnetic fields of various geometric bodies (prisms, tesseroids, point masses, ellipsoids, dipoles) and supports equivalent source interpolation, frequency-domain grid transformations (upward continuation, reduction to pole, derivatives), spherical harmonic models (IGRF), and Euler deconvolution. The library is designed for geoscientists and educators, integrating tightly with the scientific Python ecosystem (xarray, scikit-learn, pygmt, verde). It features a scikit-learn-like API for its gridder classes, extensive documentation and testing, and is actively maintained as part of the Fatiando project. While its core functionality is domain-specific, the code exhibits strong software engineering practices: modular architecture, Numba JIT compilation, consistent interfaces, and comprehensive CI/CD.